Method of making calcium cyanamid.



@Iconen 41a cox, or rr-IAefAnA" 1 if:.,A -r.r.s'I,V new Your,AssIe'Nonro AMEBrcAN cYANAgm l comm, orf-NEW Youre-N; Y., AconroaAzreIoNor MArNEf citizen'tof the United "States,` residing' atNiagara Falls, in the-county of Niagara an'd State of New York,` haveinvented cerf tainV new and useful Improvements in Methods of MakingCaleiln VCyanamid; and. I do hereby declare the following to be a 4full,- clear, and exactdescriptionof the-inture of commerclal calciumcyanamid andV has for its objecttoaccomplish theseresults in amanner'lnore. simple and efficient than.

-has been heretofore proposed.` novel ste si constituting my process,as' will4 To these ends the invention consists'iu the be more illyhereinafter d islo'sedland par# ticularly pointed out inthe claini.'

Referring to the accompanying forniinga part oi"tl1is`l speellicatlon*7the' fig# `ure'iyisa diagraimuatic' illustration of. anali- `paratussuitable forcarrvmg outthe lnven be disclosed. l In saiddravvings,g,A;-repre- 4' saysevral hundred feet to'the nit-riyin 'Inorder that Vthe .precise invention may be the niorefclearly understood'it is saidz Outside the nited States it has heretofore been cu'stmuar)i from calcium c rljd to linelyv divide the, carbid as bygrin ing,' tofill with thegro'undv carbid at the'gunding-,- apparatus, suitablecombustible .inner containers held in strong' perforated.' outer'contamer-s, and togtr'ansport said4 lilled containers for a distance ofovens,l and to then place .said flledouterfan 4innercontainers-inside-said ovens. 4

1 i In bringingv abouttlhe reaction between the-.nitrogen presentandVthe finely-ground carbid. it is of course very desirable, indeed. thatthe nitrogen thoroughly permeate, the interstices between the-dust likeparticles of I' .carbid for otherwise an elicientnitrication of thecarbid is not ha'd.

I have discovered through repeated tests that the bestresults are notattained -by following the above. mentionedv customary practice ofcharging the finely ground carbid i into its suitablv lined outercontainer 'by the. usual procedure of standing the container under thesilo holding the ground carbid and filling the same. s

drawing., 'i

making calcium cyanan'iid 4suitableinsulation for' saidiresistor; Hal'lff VIn carrying out 'this' nventl'o then dischar Y y It seelnsthat? thehandlingofthe only. a.- few 4.hundred feetxby the lusual; trans- "portdevices-of trucks, `cranes;' ete,"probablyv alters the physicalcondition" ofy the'V mafssiof! carbid, so that 'by 4thetix'ne-it yhasbeen' transtreating the ,carbid with nitrogen,V -theinten j' s ticesbetuee'n 'the particles ,have par 5i tially closed, vor 4thefphysicalcondition has otherwise suffered so muhthati'onedoes-not 4obtain thebest `results in the subsequent: treatment.

It has notproveniadvantageousin prac;4 70

"ticerto'build the grinding 'and carbidI Stor-1.

age equipmentl in, close proximity to all of the 'many 'unxtsrrequiredfor' n1t-rification,

4and therefore, it is a universal practicelto transfer Vby means oftrucks,.andlcran`es,'- the -1 75 I loaded container to v.thelnitrifying` appara-- tus,and to lower itto its place'msidethe saine..`My invention 'is'desined toeliminate the` above mentioned di's'a from'the 4place yol storage to'thezrurnace Where it is nitriied in themannennow-to ysents'j-lie outer'ivall of a nitrif'ying' furnace 85 oreven, B a 'cover `for-said oven, Cl '-a .refractory'liningv for theoven. D?"an inlet Outerjcontainery I povided with "an -inn'erl c-on-I 00according to practice heretofore"4- filled vvith finely' groundl carbid''-J. at. the-grinding' ap.-

' params, instead ofiattlieoveng and -M? fthe r l l ,usual space fortheiiiitrogenlb'etwee conta iner "-H 'andthe lining. C

` tile or other envel'o `,orlinng aud insertthe same .empty intolt 4efurnace Af lI loadflllo fordischargin-,grv the car id fiorn itsbottom,"A

This vtransport container.- ist'l'len 'picked u by the. truck, Acraneor. other dev-ige an moved lto af point immediately ove'lthe ful. nace.It isthen lowered i'nsidefsaid envelop a nd'container r'close tothebottom of the same. Thecarbid held b v-the transport container isintothe sai 'envelop and at the same time the transport'containerisnvslightly raised so through its bottom opening lthat the mass'of'carbid L during the filling operation drops through only avery short[free space into the 'final furnace container H andl has itsinterstices, or pores opened 5- to 'a maximum extent. f I

This method of -lilling the empty nitrifying containers H after they arein place in ythe furnace therefore results in very much greater orosity,inl the mass, and the elii- 10. ciency ogthentrification of the carbidas' is evidenced by-the results obtained.

, That ,is to'say, experiments carriedout on 'an extended .manufacturingscaleshowed i thatfin', Experiment 1,- where 17 full sized 15 commercialunits H were filled While in .the ovens A as compared with 24 con-,tainers lled outsidethe ovens by the old method, 'and 'then transportedtothe ovens,

all charged with identically the saine material and nitriied inidentically the same type of furnace, and under the same conditifms,the`

'fixation of nitrogen was 2.8% better, and the percentageof efficiencyWith-Which the carcontainers H charged with carbid While in.fthe-furnace A In Experiment 2, where 24 containers H were loaded bythe old practice, and 29 by the' method disclosed in this specification,th'e iguresfshow respectively 2.5% greater .in n1trog'e' entent,4 40%lower in remaining inside the ovens.

fel-red tothe ovens and l() containers Were bid-'was utilized, 3.3%better in favor of the ev carbidand '4% greater in carbid liciency infavor of the conperlment 3,' Where 12 'containers' -vvere loaded by the,old method land transcharged in place inthe ovens the figures were 2.7%greater nitrogen fixation, 7%

' lower in unnitrified carbid and 3&7@ greater carbid efliciency.infavor of the containers loaded in the ovens. r This new process ofcontainer loading has .also shovvn consist ently better results in thequality of the prodi'ict made, it being higher in nitrogen process.

' It 1s self' evident that those skilled in the art may vary the. aboveprocedure Without departing from-the spirit ofthe invention,

and therefore, I do not wish to betlimited to the abov'edisclosureexceptas may be requiredby' the claim. y What I claim iszf- 4 Theprocess of producing `compounds of carbids and nitrogen which consistsin pro-4 viding a suitable container for carrying on the reaction;insertingsa'id contalner into the furnacein which said reaction .1s tobe completed; .charging said carbidyin a finely 1 5 and .lower inremaining unnitr-ified. carbid, and 1t also shows a much betterutilizationv 'of the calcium carbid consumed 1n the divided conditioninto said ,container in place; and subjecting said mass of chargedcarbid to the requisite temperature in thel presence of nitrogen to form's'a-idcompounds, substantially as described. l

In testimony whereof I aix my signature in presence `of two Witnesses.'A

GEORGE E. cox. Witnesses WALTER S. LADIs, A. ANDERSON.

